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APA Sample Sources 7th Edition

APA is a citation format commonly used in the social sciences. This handout illustrates how to cite common sources on the references page.

The following information and samples are taken from the 7th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association.

For more information, please visit the following websites:

Reference Page Examples: Print Sources

(For more information, see pages 316-352 in the 7th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association)

Book by One Author

Last Name, F. M. (Year of publication). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle. Publisher Name.

Lipson, C. (2004). Doing honest work in college: How to prepare citations, avoid plagiarism, and achieve real academic success. University of Chicago Press.

Book by Two to Twenty Authors/Editors

Last Name, F. M., & Last Name, F. M. (Year of publication). Title of work. Publisher Name.

Buranen, L., & Roy, A. M. (Eds.). (1999). Perspectives on plagiarism and intellectual property in a postmodern world. State University of New York Press.

Two or More Works by the Same Author (arrange by date)

Harris, R. (2001). The plagiarism handbook: Strategies for preventing, detecting and dealing with plagiarism. Pyrczak Publishers.

Harris, R. (2002). Using sources effectively: Strengthening your writing and avoiding plagiarism. Pyrczak Publishers.

Edited Book with an Author

Last Name, F. M. (Year of publication). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle (E. E. Editor, Ed.). Publisher.

Article or Chapter in an Edited Book

Last Name, F. M. (Year of publication). Title of chapter. In E. E. Editor (Ed.), Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle (pp. page numbers of chapter). Publisher.

Hannah, B. (2003). Midnight and I’m not famous yet. In N. Baym (Ed.), The Norton anthology of American literature (pp. 2460-2468). W. W. Norton & Co.

Journal Article

Last Name, F. M., Last Name, F. M., Last Name, F. M., & Last Name, F. M. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, Volume(Issue), page numbers.

Gooden, A., Imhof, R., King, A. O., Little, J., & Markley, S. B. (2003). Learning to make a difference. College and Research Libraries News, 64, 443-446.

Magazine Article

Silverman, G. (2002, July 15). It’s a bird, it’s a plane, it’s plagiarism buster! Newsweek, 140, 12.

Newspaper Article

Shaw, M. (2005, November 28). Internet plagiarism rampant in colleges. The St. Louis Post-Dispatch, B10, B12.

Article with No Author

Title of page. (Year, Month Date). Site name. Retrieved Month Date, Year, from URL

When academic dishonesty happens on your campus. (2002, November 8). NISOD Innovation.

Signed or Unsigned Encyclopedia or Reference Works

Dutton, D. (1998). Plagiarism and forgery. In The encyclopedia of applied ethics (Vol. 3, pp. 503-510). Academic Press.

Plagiarism. (2003). In Merriam-Webster’s collegiate dictionary (11th ed.). Merriam-Webster.

Reference Page Examples: Electronic Sources

(More information can be found on pages 180-224 in 7th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association)

Journal Articles and DOIs

  • APA citations should include the DOI (Digital Object Identifier), when available, of an article in the references page. Look for a string of numbers that begins with 10 at the top of the first page, possibly hidden behind a button labeled "Article," "PubMed," or some other database name.
  • When an article has a DOI, use the DOI instead of the URL.
  • If an article does not have a DOI but is from a database, it is not necessary to include the URL.
  • When a DOI is not assigned, use the exact URL (if article is open-access) or URL of journal home page (if subscription is required for access).
  • According to the 7th edition, include a retrieval date if the information is likely to change over time.
  • Bold and hyperlink the URL or DOI.

Journal Article with DOI

Last Name, F. M., Last Name, F. M., Last Name, F. M., & Last Name, F. M. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, Volume(Issue), page numbers. DOI

Stultz, J. (2006). Integrating exposure therapy and analytic therapy in trauma treatment. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 76(7), 482-488. https://doi.org/10.1037/0002-9432.76.4.482

Journal Article without DOI

Hager, M. H. (2007). Therapeutic diet order writing: Current issues and considerations. Topics in Clinical Nutrition, 22(1), 28-36. https://journals.lww.com/topicsinclinicalnutrition/Abstract/2007/01000/Therapeutic_Diet_Order_Writing__Current_Issues_and.5.aspx

Nonperiodical Website with an Author

Plait, P. (2006, October 6). Were the Apollo moon landings faked? Retrieved August 11, 2008, from http://www.badastronomy.com/bad/misc/apollohoax.html

Nonperiodical Website without an Author

Florida State University to phase out academic operations by 2010. (2007, September 14). Retrieved July 25, 2007, from The Onion Sports: http://www.theonion.com/content/node/52822

Blackboard

Winter, R. (2011). Course syllabus. English composition 101. Retrieved March 24, 2011, from St. Louis Community College Eng 101 Blackboard web site.

Entry in an Online Encyclopedia/Dictionary

Institution or organization name. (Year). Title of entry. In Title of reference work. URL

Behaviorism. (2005). In E. N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy. (Fall 2007 ed.). http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/behaviorism

Psychometric assessment. (n.d.). In The Psychology Wiki. Retrieved January 28, 2007, from http://psychology.wikia.com/wiki/Psychometric_assessment

Heuristic. (n.d.) In Merriam-Webster’s online dictionary. (11th ed.). http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/heuristic

Government Report with Corporate Author

U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. (2003). Managing asthma: A guide for schools (NIH Publication No. 02-2650). http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/prof/lung/asthma/asth_sch.pdf

State Agency Publication-Agency as Author

Nebraska Health and Human Services System. (2004). Nebraska adolescents: The results of 2003 youth risk behavior survey of Nebraska public high school students (grades 9 - 12). http://www.nlc.state.ne.us/epubs/H8250/B006-2003.pdf

Newspaper Article

Last Name, F. M. (Year, Month Date). Title of article. Title of Publication. URL

Hilts, P. J. (1999, February 16). In forecasting their emotions, most people flunk out. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/1999/02/16/science/in-forecasting-their-emotions-most-people-flunk-out.html

YouTube Video

Person or group who uploaded video. (Date of publication). Title of video [Video]. Website host. URL.

TED. (2016, April 6). Inside the mind of a master procrastination: Tim Urban [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=arj7oStGLkU

Television Episode

Writer, W. W. (Writer), & Director, D. D. (Director). (Original air date). Title of episode (Season number, Episode number) [TV series episode]. In P. Executive Producer (Executive Producer), Series title. Production company(s).

Egan, D. (Writer), & Alexander, J. (Director). (2005). Failure to communicate (Season 2, Episode 10) [TV series episode]. In D. Shore (Executive Producer), House. Fox Broadcasting.

Motion Picture

Director, D. D. (Director). (Date of publication). Title of motion picture [Film]. Production company.

Jackson, M. (Director). (1997). Volcano [Film]. Twentieth Century Fox Home Entertainment.

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Learn more about APA in-text citations by reviewing this handout.

For information on STLCC's academic integrity policy, check out this website.

For additional information on APA, check out STLCC's LibGuide on APA.

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